碰到的问题

使用apt包管理器，将gitlab从18.8.2更新到18.9的时候，出现了下列的报错。

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.8.0-54-generic
Errors were encountered while processing:
 gitlab-ce
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

详细的报错内容是：

/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:25:in `<main>'

Caused by:
PG::CheckViolation: ERROR:  check constraint "check_96233d37c0" of relation "pool_repositories" is violated by some row
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/constraints_helpers.rb:122:in `block in validate_check_constraint'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/timeout_helpers.rb:31:in `disable_statement_timeout'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/constraints_helpers.rb:119:in `validate_check_constraint'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/constraints_helpers.rb:109:in `add_check_constraint'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/constraints_helpers.rb:218:in `add_not_null_constraint'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/db/post_migrate/20260209093954_add_not_null_constraint_to_pool_repositories_organization_id.rb:9:in `up'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers/restrict_gitlab_schema.rb:33:in `block in exec_migration'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/query_analyzer.rb:94:in `within'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers/restrict_gitlab_schema.rb:30:in `exec_migration'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers/automatic_lock_writes_on_tables.rb:21:in `exec_migration'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migration_helpers/require_disable_ddl_transaction_for_multiple_locks.rb:40:in `exec_migration'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/lock_retry_mixin.rb:46:in `ddl_transaction'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/runner_backoff/active_record_mixin.rb:21:in `execute_migration_in_transaction'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database/migrations/pg_backend_pid.rb:14:in `with_advisory_lock'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/tasks/gitlab/db.rake:226:in `configure_database'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/tasks/gitlab/db.rake:182:in `configure_pg_databases'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/tasks/gitlab/db.rake:114:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:25:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
STDERR: 
---- End output of "bash"  ----
Ran "bash"  returned 1
===
There was an error running gitlab-ctl reconfigure. Please check the output above for more
details.
===

dpkg: error processing package gitlab-ce (--configure):
 installed gitlab-ce package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 gitlab-ce
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

原因解释

这是gitlab在版本升级的时候，进行数据库迁移导致了出错。升级的时候程序正在给pool_repositories.organization_id这个数值加约束，但是原有的数据库已经存在一些行不满足这个约束。

解决方案

我们需要手动解决数据库冲突。

首先，我们先看下这个约束的具体内容

 sudo gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production -c \
"SELECT conname, pg_get_constraintdef(oid) AS def
 FROM pg_constraint
 WHERE conname='check_96233d37c0';"

执行后输出内容如下：

     conname      |                       def                       
------------------+-------------------------------------------------
 check_96233d37c0 | CHECK ((organization_id IS NOT NULL)) NOT VALID
(1 row)

可以看到这样约束是要求检查下 organization_id 是否是Null。然后我们检查下我们gitlab数据库中的organization_id

sudo gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production -c \
"SELECT id, organization_id
 FROM pool_repositories
 WHERE organization_id IS NULL
 LIMIT 50;"

输出内容如下

id | organization_id 
----+-----------------
  1 |                
(1 row)

可以看到organization_id是空值。找到了不符合的表，现在我们要手动修改下数据表，使得organization_id不为Null，让校验通过。

首先我们查一下，在当前gitlab实例中有哪些organization。查询命令如下：

sudo gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production -c \
"SELECT id, name, path FROM organizations ORDER BY id;"

在私有化部署中，这个输出结果中应该只有一个organization（id为1）。我的实例的输出结果如下

 id |  name   |  path   
----+---------+---------
  1 | Default | default
(1 row)

然后我们将表中错误的null值改为1，命令如下

sudo gitlab-psql -d gitlabhq_production -c \
"UPDATE pool_repositories
 SET organization_id = 1
 WHERE organization_id IS NULL;"

改完后，重新更新gitlab（重新使用apt-get upgrade指令），gitlab便能正确更新到18.9版本了。